● 主管機關：法務部

● 執行機構：中國文化大學法律學系 

● 研究期間：10905 ~ 11004

● 中文關鍵字：

再犯防止（再犯預防）；社會再整合；社會復歸；貫穿式保護；更生保護 

● 英文關鍵字：

Recidivism prevention；aftercare；through-care；rehabilitation；social reintegration

● 中文摘要：

本研究是用來催生再犯預防制度架構及策略佈局設計的前導性研究。目前我國需處理的再犯問題，是以減少再入監人數（而非減少普遍的再犯現象）為核心；有待發展的策略，雖屬創新規劃(creative formulation)，但會嵌合在既有機制當中，以潤滑、增進既有機制運作效能的型態展現，採行漸進的小幅度變革慢慢朝理想狀態移動，並以分權而互動式的相互調適因應跨域(Boundary-spanning)治理議題；在策略形成的方法上，則以聯合國《再犯預防與罪犯社會整合之簡明手冊》之建議作為指引。 日本、美國、英國對於再犯問題之處理，有其各自的制度架構與發展歷程，值得逐一細究考察。除可借鏡其經驗外，亦可增進我國對制度樣貌的想像，拓展我國相關政策規劃的可能選項。 我國的再犯預防制度，可從價值理念、制度設計框架、具體措施等三個層面來建構： 一、在價值理念方面，雖然一國採取什麼方法處理再犯問題，與從事相關工作之人用什麼心態來看待再犯防止事務有關，而此種心態又時常與該國社會對於曾犯過罪的人普遍抱持什麼樣的態度有關，但從美國的情況中，可發現其間的對應關係並非牢不可破。為了追求效果，我國必須選用支援犯罪者復歸社會的方法來處理再犯問題，雖然目前相關工作者未必能對更生人抱持好感，但至少可師法英國，以中性、就事論事的務實心態來面對，而策略上則必須塑造輿論、建立友善的社會氛圍，才能讓以復歸支援為核心的再犯預防工作順利進行。 二、在制度設計框架方面，雖然一國政府未必有將「再犯預防」設定為單獨的政策項目，也未必有「更生保護」這樣的官方任務項目，但對我國來說，既然目前二者都有，且更生保護工作也已經行之有年，則仿效日本，將再犯預防視為更生保護工作的深化，對我國來說便是最合適的再犯預防制度框架了。故我國若要擬定「再犯防止推進計畫」，應定位為是為更生保護工作掃除障礙、增進效能，使其能夠正常而順暢地運作的策略，也就是將既有體制補強及進化的相關措施。 三、具體措施方面，從我國的實際需要出發，並參考美、英、日等國的經驗及聯合國《簡明手冊》中的建議，整理出我國所需進行的相關工作，可包含「再犯預防體制建構與管理」、「更生保護制度之基礎革新」、「建立包容友善社會氛圍」、「矯正、觀護、更保業務之公私協力」、「提升機構處遇成效」、「提升社區處遇成效」、「藥癮者再犯防止推進計畫」等七個主項目，而其下尚有許多分項目、及各自的子項目，有待持續發展建構。此部分因涉及實務，在盤點、清查現況以前，難以精確掌握，故細部內容須由行政部門再進一步研擬與規劃。 日後進一步研究時，應裁切成規模適當的子課題，以利實質的盤點與分析。而為使研究人員瞭解政策網絡內各部門的工作實態，研究方法可能也需採取動態的訪談、座談、田野調查等方式進行，研究成果則可能以參與研討、協助形成決策內容等更多樣的方式呈現。

● 英文摘要：

This is a preparatory research on the recidivism prevention system structure and strategic layout design. At present, the problem of recidivism that Taiwan needs to deal with is to reduce the number of re-imprisoned person (rather than reducing the general phenomenon of recidivism) as the core; the strategy to be developed, although it is a creative formulation, will be integrated into the existing mechanism, in form that lubricates and enhances the operating efficiency of existing mechanisms, adopts gradual and small changes to slowly move towards the ideal state, and uses decentralized and interactive mutual adjustments to respond to Boundary-spanning governance issues; In terms of the method of strategy formation, the recommendations of the United Nations "Introductory Handbook on the Prevention of Recidivism and the Social Reintegration of Offenders" are used as guidelines. Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom have their own institutional frameworks and development processes for handling recidivism, which are worthy of careful study. In addition to learning from its experience, it can also enhance our imagination of the system and expand the possible options for our country's related policy planning. Recidivism prevention system of Taiwan can be constructed from three levels: values, system design framework, and specific measures: 1. In terms of value, although the method adopted by a country to deal with the problem of recidivism is related to the mentality of the people engaged in related work regarding the prevention of recidivism, this mentality is often related to the society’s attitude towards people who have committed crimes. What kind of attitude is generally held is related, but from the situation in the United States, it can be found that the corresponding relationship is not unbreakable. In order to achieve results, our country must choose the method of supporting the offender to return to society to deal with the problem of re-offending. Although the relevant workers may not be able to favor the ex-offender, at least they can learn from the United Kingdom and face it with a neutral and pragmatic attitude. And strategically, it is necessary to shape public opinion and establish a friendly social atmosphere in order to make the recidivism prevention work with return support as the core proceed smoothly. 2. Regarding the system design framework, although a country’s government may not have set "re-offending prevention" as a separate policy item, or may it have an official task item such as "rehabilitation protection", but for our country, since both are currently Yes, and rehabilitation protection work has been in place for years, so imitating Japan, treating recidivism prevention as a deepening of rehabilitation protection work is the most suitable framework for our country. Therefore, if our country is to formulate the "Recidivism prevention Promotion Plan," it should be positioned as a strategy for removing obstacles to rehabilitation protection work, enhancing efficiency, and enabling it to operate normally and smoothly, that is, measures to strengthen and evolve existing systems. 3. In terms of specific measures, starting from the actual needs of our country, and referring to the experience of the United States, Britain, Japan and other countries and the recommendations in the United Nations "Introductory Handbook", we will sort out the relevant work that our country needs to carry out, which may include the "Construction and Management of Recidivism Prevention System", "Basic Reform of the Rehabilitation Protection System", "Building an Inclusive and Friendly Social Atmosphere", "Improving the Effectiveness of Institutional Treatment", "Improving the Effectiveness of Community Treatment", "Promotion Plan for Preventing Repeated Offences of Drug Addicts", etc. There are many sub-projects and sub-items under it, which need to be continuously developed and constructed. For further research in the future, it should be cut into sub-topics of appropriate scale to facilitate substantial inventory and analysis. In order for researchers to understand the actual work of various departments in the policy network, the research methods may also need to be conducted in dynamic interviews, seminars, field surveys, etc., and the research achievements may be demonstrated in discussions, assisting in the formation of decision-making content, and more way. 

● 文章連結：

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13459196

● 資料來源：

GRB政府研究資訊系統