● 中文摘要：

　　「毒品」，在21世紀的臺灣，是一個令人避之惟恐不及的東西。與毒品相關的行為，如買賣、製造、運送、轉讓，持有、施用等，政府均設有相關規範。 然而，從歷史角度觀察，現今被稱為「毒品」的物質，在人類的悠遠歷史裡，有很常一段時間是被做為「藥物」或用於祭典而染上神聖之神秘色彩。 十八世紀工業革命與啟蒙運動過後後，快速發展的科學知識，大大滿足了人們的求知欲，透過科技發展，人們不僅從自然界獲取具有藥性的成分，也開始透過化學方法，將多種成分合成出全新的物質。而這些物質中具有影響人體中樞神經者，更是被醫界當成萬用藥使用。舉例來說，直到今日，嗎啡仍在醫學領域佔有重要的一席之地。 那麼，是什麼原因，使得曾具有如此崇高地位的「藥品」，變為今日人人避之惟恐不及的「毒品」？ 本文以毒品的定性為核心，從毒品與藥品的區分，再觀察現今國際社會上英國、美國與日本對於毒品犯罪之政策與所採取之立場，接著將鏡頭拉回臺灣，從毒品政策的歷史沿革，帶到對於施用毒品的管制方針和態度，最後以法益概念和規訓、風險社會理論的角度省視其中的缺失，導出本文認為施用毒品行為應當除罪化的論點，並於最後試圖提出施用毒品行為除罪化後對於降低需求之可能解決途徑。

● English Abstract:

     “The drugs”, in the 21st century, are one the thing which makes one evade it to be afraid. With the drug correlation behavior, like business, manufacture, transfer, has, use and so on, the countries of the world have formulated laws and regulations to against drug-related crime. However, from the historical angle, some of psychoactive substance who is called “illicit drug”, in humanity's distant history, has very often period of time been regarded as “medicine”. Then, the key issue is, what makes the necessity to differentiate licit and illicit drug from the drugs? This article take the qualitative of psychoactive substance as a core, from licit drugs and illicit drugs discrimination, observes the international communities, Britain, the US and Japan with adopts the standpoint of regarding the drug-related crime. Then put emphasis no Taiwan’s drug policy. From the policy historical evolution of drugs, we can observe the different at all periods of drug policy. Government has formulated laws and regulations to against drug-related crime. Nowadays, drugs abuse crimes are acts considered illegal because they conflict with social policy, accepted moral rules, and public opinion. From criminal policy, economy, criminal law and sociology angle, although act to control drugs through prevention, deterrence, education, and treatment strategies, the fight against drugs abuse has still not proved successful. As a result, decriminalization or legalization of drug is debatable and unlikely in our country the near term, but further study is warranted. In the final, this article attempts to propose the drug use behavior exempts from punishment regarding reduces the demand the possible key to the situation.

● 文章連結：

http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/38586117532282669283

● 資料來源：

臺灣博碩士知識加值系統