● 中文摘要：

　　近年來台灣青少年使用新興毒品行為日益盛行，由於毒品對於青少年身心健康具有深遠影響，而且復發率高，針對此年齡層青少年進行深入的反毒教育有其必要。本研究之目的在於針對過去未有使用新興毒品經驗和已有使用經驗的青少年，開發兩套新型多媒體教材，達到提升學生對於毒品和使用後果的知識、增加拒絕毒品的把握、提升拒絕他人邀約使用毒品的技巧、提升處理復發相關危險情境的信心之目的。教材內容包括：﹙1﹚由精神科醫師介紹搖頭丸、K他命和大麻等三類新興毒品可能對人的生理、心理造成的不良影響；﹙2﹚邀請法官介紹使用這三類新興毒品所觸犯的法律和後續處置；﹙3﹚邀請監所工作人員介紹觀察勒戒進行流程；﹙4﹚至少年法院和少年觀護所協助拍攝法庭和接受觀察勒戒的環境；﹙5﹚由演員演出方式介紹當他人建議自己使用上述毒品時，該如何做出拒絕的決定，以及如何應對能有效拒絕又不影響人際關係；﹙6﹚協助青少年分辨可能引起使用新興毒品行為復發的高危險狀況為何，以及在面對他人邀請使用毒品時所需的拒絕技巧。初版教材邀請6位專家做意見總評，依據專家意見進行檢討、修正，完成最後版本。為檢測此反毒教材能否達到教育目的，本研究邀請某高中6個班級學生為觀看教材組，另6班高中學生為未看教材組，兩組學生同時進行自填問卷前測，在觀看教材組觀看教材之後，兩組再次填寫問卷，比較觀看教學教材能否達到提升知識、降低好奇嘗試傾向、強化拒毒決心的目的。並邀請18位因使用搖頭丸接受觀察勒戒的青少年觀看多媒體反毒宣導教材，以檢驗觀看教材能否提升處理復發相關危險情境的信心。 比較結果發現：觀看教材組學生在觀看教材前後，其能成功拒絕使用毒品的把握，和對於搖頭丸、K他命、大麻造成身心傷害知識的增加程度，比未觀看教材組學生顯著較高，而好奇嘗試使用搖頭丸傾向的減少亦顯著較高。觀看教材組學生對於反毒教材對於使用毒品後果認識、拒絕使用決心和技巧之助益程度，予以「很有幫助」到「非常有幫助」之間的平均評分。過去有抽菸經驗者，觀看教材前後對於K他命和大麻造成身心傷害知識的增加程度顯著較未曾抽菸者較高，但對於教材提升拒絕使用毒品決心助益程度的評估則較未曾抽菸者較低。使用搖頭丸接受觀察勒戒的青少年觀看多媒體反毒宣導教材前後，處理「社交壓力」和「引發正向情緒」這兩項復發相關危險情境的信心有顯著提升。此結果顯示：本研究所發展的反毒教材能達到提升拒絕使用新興毒品的把握、增加對於新興毒品造成身心傷害知識、降低好奇嘗試使用搖頭丸傾向、提升處理部份復發相關危險情境的信心的目的。

● English Abstract:

      Abuse of newly-risen illicit drugs among adolescents in Taiwan is on the increase. Negative effects on health and high probability of relapse after abstinence are confirmed in studies about drug abuse. As a result, it is of significance to conduct anti-drug education among adolescents. The study aims to develop two sets of multimedia anti-drug programs for adolescents with and without drug use experience respectively in order to increase their knowledge about consequence of drug use, to strengthen commitment to deny drug use and to refine the skills of drug refusal. The content of the anti-drug programs includes six characteristics: (1) negative effects on health by drug use interpreted by a psychiatrist; (2) the judicial procedures about drug use explained by a judge; (3) the abstinence treatment accounted for by an official working in jails; (4) the environment of juvenile courts and detention centers introduced; (5) effective skills of drug refusal demonstrated by actors in a drama; (6) high-risk situations causing relapse of drug use recognized. The multimedia anti-drug programs are settled according to opinions from six experts. In addition, the effectiveness of the anti-drug programs was assessed by self-report questionnaires. Students in 12 classes from one senior high school participated. The 12 classes were randomly assigned to either a treatment group with the anti-drug program carried out or a control group without. Effectiveness of the anti-drug programs was determined by the comparison of pre-and post-treatment measurements between the two groups. We also invited 18adolecents who have ever used MDMA to watch the multimedia, and compared their confidence to manage the high-risk situations related to relapse of MDMA use before and after watching the multimedia. Significance differences were detected between the treatment and the control group, suggesting the anti-drug program favored the increased knowledge about the consequence of MDMA, ketamine, marijuana and the dwindling tendency to use MDMA. Additionally, the anti-drug program was assessed by the treatment group as ？HH？H？？helpful？HH？HH and ？HH？H？？very helpful？HH？HH in terms of the knowledge about consequence of drug use, the commitment to deny drug use and the skills of drug refusal. Besides, more adolescents with previous smoking experience than non-users, after evaluating change from pre - to post -treatment, reported the increased knowledge about the consequence of ketamine and marijuana. However, the helpful for commitment to deny drug use was more reported by non-users. The adolescents who have ever used MDMA had significant increase of confidence to manage the situations ？HH？H？？social pressure for MAMP use？HH？HH and ？HH？H？？enhancement of positive emotional state？HH？HH that might be related to relapse of MDMA use after watching the multimedia. The above results indicated the anti-drug programs developed by the study are responsible for anti-drug behavior, commitment and skills of drug refusal among adolescents.

● 文章連結：https://goo.gl/KHLGtp

● 資料來源：政府研究資訊系統