中文摘要：

蓋性侵害犯罪較其他刑法中之犯罪而言，具有受害者多為女性以及被害人承受社會非難之壓力的特徵性，本論文係由將性侵害犯罪視為父權體制存在象徵之女性主義角度所提出的「積極同意模式」，探討妨害性自主罪章中之他人意願，出於筆者能力與篇幅的限制，乃以強制性交罪中他人意願的探討與分析作為論述問題之中心、以女性為研究對象、以實體法為主、並以性交行為之問題為主要論述，思考我國刑法第221條違背意願性交罪之立法是否妥適，是否有適用積極同意模式之可能。隨著女性主義浪潮興起、婦女運動蓬勃，深受美國女性主義影響之我國女性主義法學對現行法律中造成性別不平等的現象提出了批評和改革方向。從而，本文將聚焦於女性主義對於性侵害議題的論述，包括從性的角度如何看待權力關係，以及女性主義興起的運動所帶來的性侵害法律改革。
然而即使妨害性自主罪章歷經1999年修正成違背意願模式，現實上仍因為強姦迷思的存在，造成約會強姦、熟識者強姦等激起民憤與論案例無法被刑法所處理，故而各國紛紛開始有是否要修正性自主罪章的聲音。女性主義對於妨害性自主之立法模式提出了強制模式、消極同意模式、積極同意模式、修正強制模式四種立法模式，比較法上，美國、加拿大、瑞典三國以及國際法庭對於積極同意模式的回應與修法歷程值得我們作為參考借鏡。
本文之論述，乃先就我國、美國、加拿大以及瑞典各國中性侵害法制之個人意願發展歷程與現況與簡介，並參照各國之立法模式，引述國際法庭等相關案例作為議題探討之基礎。而後就當事人意願之定位而為探究，以性自主權為出發點，其次以積極同意模式提倡之理由與所遇批判、衝突中，確立該罪之成立乃建諸於性自主權之侵犯而非暴力。並在確立妨害性自主罪章之中心，應為當事人為該性行為意願之欠缺之後，試圖尋求該意願認定之標準。
最後，本文嘗試從刑法謙抑性此一至高原則探討與積極同意模式的衝突，而在立法論上則是希望以壓迫性自主的程度區別強制性交罪與違背意願性交罪，而非採取「積極同意模式」之立法，以期在社會與論撻伐的價值觀中為女性找到掙脫可能，並在維持刑法謙抑性原則中達到平衡。

英文摘要：

Compared with crimes in other criminal laws, the crime of sexual assault has the characteristics that the victims are mostly women and the victims bear the pressure of social condemnation. This thesis is based on the feminist perspective that regards the crime of sexual assault as a symbol of the existence of the patriarchal system. The proposed "active consent model" explores the wishes of others in the crime of disruptive autonomy. Due to the limitation of the author's ability and space, the discussion and analysis of the wishes of others in the crime of compulsory intercourse is the center of the discussion, and women are the research. The object, mainly based on the substantive law, and the issue of sexual intercourse as the main discussion, consider whether the legislation of the crime of sexual intercourse against will in Article 221 of the Criminal Law is appropriate and whether it is possible to apply the positive consent model. With the rise of the feminist wave and the vigorous women's movement, my country's feminist jurisprudence, which is deeply influenced by American feminism, has criticized and reformed the phenomenon of gender inequality in current laws. Therefore, this article will focus on feminist discourse on sexual assault, including how to treat power relations from a sexual perspective, and the reform of sexual assault laws brought about by the rise of feminism.
However, even if the crime of obstructing sexual autonomy was revised into a pattern against will in 1999, in reality, because of the existence of rape myths, the fact that date rape, acquaintance rape and other cases that arouse public outrage cannot be dealt with by the criminal law, so many countries have started. There is a voice of whether to amend the crime of sexual autonomy. Feminism proposes four legislative models for the legislative model of obstructive autonomy: the mandatory model, the passive consent model, the active consent model, and the revised compulsory model. In comparative law, the United States, Canada, Sweden and the international courts respond to the positive consent model. The course of practice is worthy of our reference.
The discussion in this article is based on the development process and current situation and brief introduction of the personal will of sexual violation of the legal system in my country, the United States, Canada, and Sweden. With reference to the legislative models of various countries, the International Court of Justice and other relevant cases are cited as the basis for discussion of the topic. Afterwards, we explored the orientation of the parties’ will, starting with sexual autonomy, and secondly, based on the reasons for the positive consent model and the criticisms and conflicts encountered. The establishment of the crime is based on the violation of sexual autonomy rather than violence. . And the center of establishing the crime of obstructing sexual autonomy should be the lack of the willingness of the person involved in the sexual act, and then trying to find the standard for the determination of the willingness.
Finally, this article attempts to explore the conflict with the positive consent model from the supreme principle of the modest and restrained nature of the criminal law. In terms of legislation, it hopes to distinguish between the crime of compulsory intercourse and the crime of unwilling sexual intercourse with the degree of oppressive autonomy, rather than adopting "active" The legislation of the "consent model" aims to find the possibility for women to break free from the values of society and criticism, and to achieve a balance in maintaining the principle of modest criminal law.

文章連結：

https://www.airitilibrary.com/Publication/alDetailedMesh1?DocID=U0004-G0106652015

資料來源：

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