● 中文摘要：

　　近年來國內性侵害犯罪屢次發生,對許多婦女身心造成極大傷害,甚至衍生『創傷後症候群』(Post-trauma syndrome),亟待防治。而且強姦犯之累(再)犯比率甚高,現行處遇措施無法有效降低其再犯。為此,本研究擬從多面向(Multi-dimensional)之角度,對強姦犯罪之本質與相關因素深入調查,檢視矯治處遇現況,並提出有效處遇對策,以保障婦女人身安全。 本研究於民國八十八年一至三月間,以自行設計之自陳問卷對台灣台北、台中暨高雄收容之強姦犯受刑人637名進行調查。本研究發現強姦犯受刑人以30-40歲、國中教育程度、未婚、自由業及具有前科之男性為主;在犯罪情境方面,地點以住宅中居多,發生時間以十二個月中的八月、一星期中的星期三及晚上最為頻繁,部分的強姦犯於案發前有飲酒或預謀的情形;在生理特徵方面,體型以強壯型者居多,有部分強姦犯曾因頭部受傷而至腦科就診,有生理疾病者其類型以性功能障礙者居多;在心理、人格特性方面,強姦犯中罹患精神病者佔少數,有五成以上之強姦犯屬於高攻擊性者,有119名強姦犯屬於ADHD群,部分則有憂鬱症候;在強姦犯家庭背景方面,父親有前科紀錄、母親有前科紀錄及罹患精神病的人數及比例並不高;在強姦迷思方面,經分析後發現,不同的強姦犯在強姦迷思得分上有顯著之差異,再進一步比較,發現強姦殺人類型比其他強姦犯罪類型的強姦迷思傾向更強,達到統計上之顯著差異;在社會相關因素方面,研究結果顯示社會學習理論變項之影響並未獲得證實;在加害者與被害者的關聯性方面,被害者以女性、18-30歲未滿、陌生人居多數,約有一成的被害者於案發前攻擊加害者,約有三成的被害者於案發前飲酒,在案發前的言行舉止方面,以輕浮隨便者居多。 綜合言之,強姦犯罪之發生非單一因素之影響,有其複雜之前置因素與情境要因,故其防治必須是多層面之介入與積極之統合協調,始能展現具體防治效能。另外,現行強姦犯之處遇仍不足,亟待全面引進認知行為療法(cognitive-behavior therapy)與復發再犯預防(relapse prevention)技術,以減少強姦犯罪再犯之發生。

● English Abstract:

     Sexual assault (SA) crime has been emerged enormously in the past few years. SA seriously hurt women physically and psychologically and even causes Post-trauma Syndrome. Besides, current treatment strategies are ineffective to reduce high recidivism rate. In response, the study address this issue, so as to adopt adequate measures to prevent SA and protect the women. The researchers administered multi-dimensional self-report questionnaires to 637 rapists drawn from Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung Jail from January to March in 1999. The research found that the imprisoned rapists are all male and largely at the age of 30 to 40, unmarried, with junior high school education, unemployment, and with prior criminal records. SA crimes occurred by and large at offenders' or victims' house, in August, and on Wednesday. Part of the rapists drank alcoholic beverage and made no plan right before offending. In physical characteristics, rapists are most with strong body building. Twenty percent of them were once injured in their brain and, therefore, sought out-patient treatment. Those who have physical diseases largely suffer from sexual malfunction (36.4%). As regard to psychological and personality traits, rapists are largely highly aggressive. One hundred and nineteen of them were ADHD patients. Part of them suffer from depression. Few rapists' parents have prior criminal records and mental illness. By using one-way ANOVA to test, we found that different types of rapists have significantly different rape myths. Rapists who commit homicide have the highest score in rape myths than other types of rapists. The explanatory power of Social Learning variable for rape offending is not being confirmed in the research. Victims of SA crime are almost female and age 18 to 30. About 10% of them counter-attacked the offenders. Thirty percent of them drank alcoholic beverage before being victimized. Many of them behaved frivolously and improperly before the attack. In general, SA crime is not resulted from single factor. It has complex antecedent impetus and situational causes. Therefore, multi-dimensional interventions and integrated measures must be undertaken to prevent sexual offending and relapse. Current treatment to the imprisoned rapists is not enough in intensity and quality. Cognitive-behavior therapy is highly recommended to the treatment and relapse-prevention (RP) for rapist prevention. 

● 文章連結：https://goo.gl/aHTiVP

● 資料來源：政府研究資訊系統