台灣地區2001年至2010年女性受親密伴侶暴力致死與非親密伴侶暴力致死傷害形態之比較 A comparison of the injury patterns between the female intimate partners violence death and non-intimate partners violence death during 2001 to 2010 in Taiwan
- 發布日期：
- 最後更新日期：109-05-13
- 資料點閱次數：132
:::
一、研究背景與目的
親密伴侶暴力是全球性常見的造成傷害甚至死亡的一種暴力行為，美國聯邦
調查局統計，女性他殺致死的案件中，有三分之一其加害人是親密伴侶，而男性的他殺致死案件中，加害人是親密伴侶者佔3%，世界衛生組織報告則指出高達七成的被謀殺婦女是被他們的異性伴侶殺死。親密伴侶暴力致死的傷勢與傷痕型態，可能與其他的他殺案件不同，我國目前只有少數學者研究。我們研究的目的是要比較親密伴侶暴力致死與非親密伴侶暴力致死的傷害型態與解剖發現。
二、研究方法
本研究以台灣地區2001至2010年間法務部法醫研究所相驗及解剖鑑定為他殺之女性案例作為研究範圍，收集其中因親密伴侶暴力致死(實驗組)與非親密伴侶暴力致死(對照組)受害者之基本資料、受傷部位、傷痕型態與解剖發現，作回溯性、描述性的統計與比較。
三、研究結果
共收案114例親密伴侶暴力致死與96例非親密伴侶暴力致死之女性受害者，親密伴侶組的被害者平均年齡為40.0歲，加害者多為男友(53.5%)與丈夫(29.8%)；非親密伴侶組的被害者平均年齡為49.6歲，加害者多為家人親戚(38.8%)和朋友、同學和同事佔25.5%。
兩組被害者比較，親密伴侶組較非親密伴侶組年輕，且非親密伴侶組之易受傷性情形較親密伴侶組多(各35.4% 與14%)。加害者方面，在非親密伴侶組中有前科者(35.7%)較親密伴侶組(20.2%)多。此外，親密伴侶之加害者於殺害被害人後，有15%以上之案件有加害人殺人－自殺之行為發生。
親密伴侶組最常見傷害型態為瘀傷(52.6%)，最常見傷害部位為頸部(58.8%)和臉部(56.1%)；非親密伴侶組最常見傷害型態也為瘀傷(67.7%)，最常見傷害部位為臉部(66.7%)和上肢(65.6%)；傷害部位在兩組間有顯著差異者為顱部，親密伴侶組(41.2%)較非親密伴侶組(62.5%)少(p=0.002)，此外，親密伴侶組中臉部傷(41.2%)比非親密伴侶組中臉部傷(55.2%)少(p=0.043)。傷害型態在兩組間有顯著差異者為瘀傷，親密伴侶組(52.6%)較非親密伴侶組為(67.7%)少(p=0.027)。將傷數量依部位統計，親密伴侶組在胸部的傷痕數(2.6 ± 2.1)較非親密伴侶組胸部的傷痕數(1.8 ± 2.4)多(p=0.006)；親密伴侶組下臉部傷痕數(0.9 ± 1.8)較非親密伴侶組(0.41 ± 2.0)多(p=0.005)。此外，骨折在親密伴侶暴力佔31.6%，在非親密伴侶暴力佔36.5%，所佔比例在兩組被害者超過三成，但未達顯著差異。死亡原因在親密伴侶組以銳器傷致死(52.6%)和窒息(包括懸吊、絞勒及悶氣)(27.2%)最為常見，在非親密伴侶組也以銳器傷致死(54.2%)和窒息(包括懸吊、絞勒及悶氣)(19.8%)最為常見。
四、研究結論：
本研究分析了女性親密伴侶組暴力致死與非親密伴侶組暴力致死司法解剖時的傷痕型態與致死原因，兩組皆以瘀傷最常見，最常見有傷部位在親密伴侶暴力組為頸部及臉部，在非親密伴侶暴力組為臉部及上肢。親密伴侶組顱部及中臉部有傷的比率較低，而親密伴侶組胸部及下臉部的傷痕數較多，兩組死亡原因皆以銳器傷致死最多，窒息次之。此研究結果可作為法醫師實務工作參考資料。
Background and Objectives：According to the report of World Health Organization, over 70% of female were killed by their heterosexual couples. The pattern of injury of intimate partner violence death may be different from that of other cases of homicide death. The purpose of our research is to compare the injury patterns and autopsy findings between intimate and non-intimate partner femicide.
Methods：The cases of female homicide with autopsy reports of Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice from 2001 to 2010 were analyzed. The victims’ data including demographic information, location of injuries, types of injuries, and cause of death were collected. The data of the intimate partner and the non-intimate partner femicide were compared.
Results：There are 114 cases of intimate partner femicides and 96 cases of non-intimate partner femicides recruited. The average age of victims of intimate partner group is 40 year-old and most of the offenders are boyfriend (53.5%), whereas the average age of victims of non-intimate partner group is 49.6 year-old and most of the offenders are family relatives (38.8%). In the intimate partner group, the most common type of injuries is bruise(52.6%), and the most common sites of injuries are the neck(58%) and the face(56.1%). The most frequent injury type in non-intimate partner group is also bruise (67.7%), and the most common sites of injuries are the face (66.7%) and the upper limbs (65.6%)。The rate of cranial trauma of intimate partner group and the non-intimate partner group is 41.2%, and 62.5%, respectively, with significant difference (P=0.02). The rate of middle face injury of intimate partner group (41.2%) is less than that of non-intimate partner group (55.2%) (p = 0.043)。The rate of bruise of intimate partner group (52.6%) is lower than that of non-intimate partner group ( 67.7%) (p = 0.027). The average number of chest injuries of intimate partner group (2.6 ± 2.1) is more than that of the non-intimate partner group (1.8 ± 2.4) (p = 0.006). The average number of lower facial injuries of intimate partner group (0.9 ± 1.8) is more than that of the non-intimate partner group (0.41 ± 2.0) (p=0.005). The most common cause of death in the intimate partner groups is sharp injuries (52.6%), followed by suffocation(27.2%), which is similar to that of the non-intimate partner group with 55.2% of sharp injuries, followed by 19.8% of suffocation.
Conclusions：The average numbers of chest and lower facial injuries of intimate partner femicide are more than that of non-intimate partner femicide. This study presents the injury patterns of the intimate partner femicide and the non-intimate partner femicide victims. This data will be helpful for forensic examiners and clinic healthcare providers.
資料來源：http://www.airitilibrary.com/Publication/alDetailedMesh1?DocID=U0001-0407201309470900