中文摘要:

1973年制定兒童福利法，為我國第一部有關兒童保護之專責法律，正式開啟我國制度化之兒童福利。其立法目的，主要在維護兒童身心健康，促進兒童正常發育，保障兒童福利。1989年，制定第一部有關少年福利之單行法律－少年福利法。開創我國兒童及少年法制分立之新紀元。2003年兒童福利法及少年福利法合併修正為兒童及少年福利法單一法律，開始我國兒童及少年保護法制專責法律之施行。2011年兒童及少年福利法修正為兒童及少年福利與權益保障法，全文118條。
1998年制定家庭暴力防治法，成為亞洲第一部家庭暴力防治專法。將家庭成員間之暴力行為，視為犯罪型態之ㄧ，公權力得積極介入處理有關家庭暴力事件，讓婚姻暴力之受害者與受虐兒童一樣可以獲得法律上之保護。
目前我國對兒童及少年保護之看待與執行如何？透過檢視現行有關兒童及少年保護相關法制及有關家庭暴力防治等法規之狀況，以符合實際需要並達到兒童及少年福利與權益保障法立法之目的。同時透過兒童及少年福利與權益保障法及其相關法規之落實與推展，加以實現兒童及少年權利。同時若干社會福利相關法規明文規定執行社會福利需運用社會工作人員，以確保兒童及少年權益之維護，如何確保社工人員晉用、升遷及合理薪資，建立專職長任，相對減少流動性，累積社工人員之專業服務能量。同時兼顧保障現有約聘僱社工人員權益。然而現行法規之操作，是否真能實現世界人權宣言、經濟社會文化權利國際公約、公民與政治權利國際公約、聯合國兒童權利公約及我國憲法有關保護兒童及少年權利之要求，值得研究。
最後，就上述現行兒童及少年保護法制之若干缺失提出研究者之看法，或可供政府機關於研修相關兒童及少年保護法制時之參考。
關鍵詞：兒童及少年、兒童福利法、少年福利法、兒童及少年福利法、兒童及少年福利與權益保障法、家庭暴力防治法

English Abstract:

Child Care Law enacted in 1973 was the first specialized law to protect children in Taiwan. This act founded the institutionalized children welfare care. The goal was to keep children grow up healthily in physical and mental. In 1989, the first legislation which focused on teenaged welfare was ratified: Juvenile Welfare Act. This was the era of dual-laws in children and adolescents. In 2003, Child Care Law and Juvenile Welfare Act combined as Children and Youth Welfare Act, which was the specific law to protect the young. In 2011, Children and Youth Welfare Act was amended as The Protection of Children and Youths Welfare and Rights Act. Domestic Violence Prevention Act, the first specialized domestic violence protective law in Asia, was enacted in 1998. The state power intervened actively among domestic violence, taking violence between household members as a crimination.
This article focus on several viewpoints as following: it estimates the practice of current laws to see if the regulations meet the needs in reality. Meanwhile, it emphasizes the role of social workers. How to make sure the recruitment, promotion and well-payment of social workers become an issue. In addition, it stresses proper positions and guarantee contracted social workers’ rights could reduce burnout. The article also sees if current protective regulations meet the purpose of contemporary international rights and Constitution of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Last but not least, the author provides standpoints of defects of current protective laws and presents some suggestions for the government to amend protective laws of children and juveniles.

資料來源: https://hdl.handle.net/11296/6jy8dq