● 中文摘要：

一、研究緣起： 根據國內外研究顯示，由於身心障礙者的認知能力與社會適應力遠比一般人低，且大多數身心障礙者在日常生活中需要依賴家庭成員提供協助，導致身心障礙者比一般人更容易遭受家庭暴力與性侵害的威脅。這種情況往往又因為社會上對於身心障礙者的普遍忽視，導致身心障礙者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害之比例居高不下，嚴重影響身心障礙者的基本權益保障。

二、研究方法： 本研究主要是透過對國內外相關文獻回顧整理，並藉由交互檢視『家庭暴力暨性侵害資料庫』及『身心障礙資料庫』兩套資料庫系統，及針對智障者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害盛行率與概況進行結構式訪談調查，瞭解我國智能障礙者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害之概況，並進一步推估智能障礙者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害的盛行率。藉此提供智能障礙者三級預防之政策規劃、服務模式與福利輸送設計之參考依據。

三、重要發現： 1.智能障礙者遭受家庭暴力或性侵害的盛行率遠低於一般人口群；2.在智障者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害事件中，女性依舊是主要受害人口群，但男性的比例也不容忽視；3.智能障礙者遭受家庭暴力與性侵害並無區域分佈的差異，但區域間的通報情形卻又透露出各區域第一線工作人員的配合度；4.遭受家庭暴力或性侵害的身心障礙者之通報來源，大都以『衛政』與『警政』單位為主，凸顯出『教育』單位低通報率的事實；5.父母與手足是智障者家庭暴力的施暴源，但機構內性侵害或亂倫事件也不容忽視；6.日常生活較獨立自主的心智障礙者似乎降低遭受家庭暴力的風險，但似乎是提高了智障者可能遭受性侵害的風險；7.家庭照顧壓力與經濟壓力是家庭暴力的催化劑，但是家庭支持系統卻緩和了家庭暴力的可能；8.父母親的教育水準是影響智障者遭受家庭暴力的主因之一，但兩者關係卻有賴更進一步檢視；9.迥然不同於一般人的認知，智能障礙者在遭受家庭暴力或性侵害之後，明顯出現生理與心理創傷症候群。

四、主要建議意見: （一） 立即可行建議： 1. 落實社會大眾、校園與機構工作人員的教育宣導工作。 2. 建構智障者家庭暴力與性侵害高風險家庭評估指標。 3. 召開學術研討會並積極建構實務研習活動的議題、內涵與策略。 4. 加強區域防治中心通報責任與資料庫登錄的督導工作。 5. 強化衛政單位的通報功能。 （二） 中長期建議: 1. 發展智障者心理諮商與輔導工作模式。 2. 建立符合智障者需要的緊急庇護中心。 3. 強化家庭暴力防治網絡相關工作人員的知能。 4. 建構以家庭為中心的實務工作模式。 5. 創造支持性的社會系統。 6. 改善資料庫系統的便利性與可近性。 

● English Abstract:

     Previous studies have indicated that retarded people have far less ability of cognition and adaptation to social life than people without retardation. As most retarded people rely on their family support for everyday life, they are at higher risk of domestic violence and sex abuse. Such high risk of violence and abuse is neglected and the basic rights of the retarded people are under serious threat. This study aims to explore the prevalence of domestic violence and sexual abuse on mentally retarded people. To serve this purpose, we first review both academic literature and report from practitioners regarding their different models of social work on mentally retarded people. Secondly, we compile and analyze ？HHH？HH？H？HDomestic Violence & Sexual Abuse Dataset？HHH？HHH and ？HHH？HH？H？HPhysically and Mentally Retarded Dataset.？HHH？HHH Thirdly, we conduct an island-wide face-to-face survey on caregivers of mentally retarded people. By multiple methods, we seek to find out the current status of domestic violence and sexual abuse on people with mental retardation in Taiwan. More specifically, we attempt to predict the prevalence of these two crimes imposed on the mentally retarded. Based on our finding and prediction, we would further propose suggestions for policy planning, service models and welfare delivery systems. This report concludes with following findings: (1) The prevalence of domestic violence/sexual abuse for the mentally retarded is less than the general population. (2) The major victims of these two crimes are female. The portion of male victims, however, should not be neglected. (3) Parents and siblings are major source of the two crimes. But sexual abuses in social institutions are substantial. (4) The ability of the mentally retarded to sustain their lives independently is the key to lower risk of the two crimes. (5) Caring and economic pressure facilitates domestic violence. On the other hand, family support system decreases the possibility of domestic violence. (6)Parents？HHH？HHH education is one of the major factors explaining domestic violence. (7) The counseling system should intervene to ameliorate the trauma of the mentally retarded after they are assaulted. (8)The incomplete coding of the two analyzed data sets prevent the research team to expose a clear and overall picture of the current status of domestic violence and sexual abuse of people with mental retardation in Taiwan. Based on above findings, this report proposes suggestions from primary, second, and third level prevention measures. The primary-level prevention includes enhancement of education, construction of High-risk Family Index and protection of physical security on campus and social institutions. The second-level prevention includes the development of counseling models for the mentally retarded, the establishment of urgency asylums based on their demand, and enhancement of the training programs for people in the service network. Finally, the third-level prevention should develop work models centered on family, providing programs for work training and create more job opportunities for people with mental retardation. In conclusion, without analyzing the two crimes from multiple angles, it is impossible to make the two crimes on the mentally retarded as less as possible. 

● 文章連結：

https://goo.gl/mNmBzP

● 資料來源：

政府研究資訊系統