中文摘要:

金門地區近十餘年來由於政治、經濟環境變動很大，對淳樸戰地造成極大的衝擊，地區青少年正值成長期，最易受週圍不良環境的影響，其受到的衝擊更是至深且鉅。但國內專家學者針對金門地區的少年犯罪問題之研究尚付闕如，為了解地區當前少年犯罪趨勢及成因，並探討預防與輔導之對策，以供各界參考，故著手此項研究。
為提高研究資料的可信度與研究結果的真實性，本研究以三角檢定 (triangulation)方法來加以論證，所使用的研究方法包括：文獻分析法、個案研究法、深度訪談法等三種，來進行交叉分析，使論證結果不致偏頗。首先根據司法檢警機關等歷年青少年犯罪資料進行初步的統計分析，並探討其變化趨勢及原因。其次，針對金門地方法院犯罪少年特殊個案加以探討，舉辦研討會，邀請專家學者及有關單位人員進行討論，探究犯罪少年之犯罪原因、家庭學校生活情形，期望對事件少年能採取適當的輔導措施。最後進行深度訪談：透過訪談瞭解犯罪少年及一般少年身心方面遭遇到之問題；瞭解家庭、學校、社會對少年之保護輔導措施是否妥當週延。
本研究發現近年來金門地區少年犯罪有其特性與趨勢，如犯罪類型一向是以竊盜罪為主，但近年來竊盜罪已減少，而傷害罪漸增，犯罪類型有暴力化的傾向；主要犯罪原因因不同的研究方法，或不同的次級資料而呈現不同的結果，有家庭因素的「不當管教」，其他因素的「缺乏法律常識」，及社會因素的「交友不慎」等；犯罪年齡層有向十五歲以上至十八歲未滿之較高年齡層集中之趨勢；女性少年犯罪人數有逐漸增加之現象；犯罪少年教育程度已由國中肄業階段占多數轉為高中肄業階段較多之情形。
『預防重於治療』、『輔導重於懲罰』，這是處理青少年犯罪的基本原則。在防制對策上本研究以「社區」、「管區」、「校區」防護網的理念來建構，達到有效防患少年犯罪之目的。隨著生活科技化，未來的青少年的犯罪模式勢將趨於多樣化，有關當局應加強犯罪預防宣導，並結合地區警政等相關單位，共同徹底執行預防青少年犯罪措施。

英文摘要:

The Kinmen Area has experienced massive changes in the political and economic environment over the past two decades. Still in their formative years, the Kinmen’s youth are easily influenced by the decadent environment. There is a substantial volume of literature on juvenile delinquency and crime written by Taiwan experts and scholars but those focused on the Kinmen Area are none. This paper was written to better understand the trends and reasons of the Kinmen youth’s involvement in crime, and to probe into what measures must be taken in terms of prevention and guidance, so as to serve as references for those interested in youth problems.
A review of the literature was first carried out, followed by an initial statistical analysis of data on crime involving youths.Then actual case study of youth crime in Kinmen were held, including in a seminar with participator consisted of experts, academics, representatives from the judicial branch, the police, social administrators and educators. Finally in-depth interviews were conducted as a way to better understand the emotional and physical obstacles encountered by those youths involved in crime.
Results of the study show that there were certain characteristics and trends observable in youth crimes committed in the Kinmen Area. For instance, theft used to be the most common offense. In recent years, theft cases have lessened, only to show a steady rise in the number of assault cases, thus showing a trend towards violence. Major reasons have also shifted from “poor family upbringing” (family factor) to “lack of legal knowledge” (Other reasons) and “bad influence by friends” (social reason). “Lack of legal knowledge” has been the major reason over the last three years, suggesting that dissemination of legal knowledge may have a role to play in reducing juvenile crimes. On age bracket, there is a trend towards concentration among youths aged 15 to 18 years. There is also a gradual rise in the number of cases involving females. Compared according to education attainment, there is a shift from junior high school dropouts to senior high school dropouts.
The fundamental principles of handling juvenile crimes can be summarized into: “Prevention is better than therapy” and “Guidance is more important than punishment.” As life becomes more technology-oriented, the modes of juvenile crimes will become more diverse. By joining hands with relevant local police units, juvenile crime prevention can be jointly and thoroughly carried out. Prevention can only be made effective by maintaining an attitude of flexibility and by keeping up with the times. To achieve this, we must build prevention networks consisting of the community, the administrative zone and the campus. In the long run, only dedicated efforts directed towards the fundamental issues will help us achieve a zero growth rate in crime.

資料來源: https://hdl.handle.net/11296/dfvg93