中文摘要:

少年犯罪在刑事處遇的方式與型態上，不僅要考慮如何預防少年從事犯罪行為，亦須審慎評估刑事處遇的內容與程度，以及對於犯罪少年產生的諸多影響，這些影響包括犯罪少年的再犯可能性，以及獲得正常發展的機會。刑事處遇可包含兩個概念，亦即實體法處遇與程序法處遇；前者為刑事處遇的內容與程度，後者則為合目的性的刑事程序。無論預防少年犯罪或評估刑事處遇內容、程度與影響性，均須從少年犯罪理論著手，探討少年犯罪之現實，以減低少年犯罪之促進因子，從而建立具實證基礎的少年刑事理論。綜觀犯罪學的歷史發展，對於西方社會刑事司法體系的塑造、重要的刑罰政策以及犯罪預防政策上，實產生重大的影響。然犯罪學主要是西方思想的產物，少年犯罪理論亦非例外，因此論及少年犯罪理論時，有必要運用我國少年犯罪現況加以檢驗，以減低文化差異的影響，並加以修正，以期能確實符合我國少年犯罪之現實，亦才能得到合理之結論。
本論文以少年犯罪理論出發，論及我國目前少年犯罪之現況，以檢驗與修正少年犯罪理論，並比較德國、美國華盛頓州之少年犯罪立法體例，從而探討少年刑事立法的基本方向，以期能達到防制少年犯罪之目的。綜合少年犯罪理論、我國少年犯罪實況、德國與美國華盛頓州少年法制，以及國際間對於少年刑事立法之基本原則，可得出少年刑事立法之重要原則。在實體法原則中，須能符合隔離中接觸原則、多樣性原則、漸進性與彈性原則、社會支持原則與福利教育優先原則；在程序法原則中，須能符合正當程序原則、教育原則、隱私原則以及改善原則。我國少年事件處理法爾後之修正方向，即應依據這些原則予以訂定，在實際立法的規定上，援以少年刑事立法原則為最高指導，考量我國少年犯罪實際情況，或可參酌德國及美國之少年刑事法制，從而達成防制少年犯罪之重要目的。

英文摘要:

The sorts and contexts of criminal dispositions for juvenile offenses would not only take considerations of preventing juvenile from committing offenses , but mindfully evaluate the contents and extents of criminal dispositions which might have impacts on the juvenile offenders. The criminal dispositions might be composed of two concepts : the substantial dispositions and the procedural dispositions. The former involve in the contents and extents of criminal dispositions and the later include of all the criminal proceedings corresponding to the purposes. Under circumstances of any investigation in preventing the juvenile offenses or evaluating the contents , extents and effects of criminal dispositions , all the considerations need to set off from the theories of juvenile offenses and involve in the reality of juvenile offenses to attempt to decline the contributing factors of juvenile offenses , and furthermore to establish the theories of juvenile criminalistics . In the view of the historic development , the criminology has the great influence on the formation of the criminal justice system , important penal policy and crime prevention policy in the western society . The criminology , however , derives from the thoughts of western culture and so does the juvenile criminology . The juvenile criminology needs to be examined by the reality of juvenile offenses in Taiwan to decline the possible fallaciousness resulting from the cultural discrepancy , and modified to factually correspond to the reality of juvenile offenses in Taiwan . The subsequent conclusions
might be more adequately reasonable .
The essay discloses the research from the juvenile criminology and investigates the reality of current juvenile offenses in Taiwan to examine and modify the juvenile criminology . In an addition , it compares the German legislation on the juvenile offenses to the Title 13 in the Revised Code of Washington and attempts to explore the basic directions of the legislation on the juvenile offenses for the purposes of preventing and controlling the offenses. Upon the synthesis among the juvenile criminology , the reality of juvenile offenses in Taiwan , the juvenile justice systems in German and Washington , and the primary principles of juvenile justice in the United Nations , it concludes to some important rules of legislation of juvenile justice . The rules of substantial dispositions must include the principles of contact from the isolation , the variety and diverseness , the gradualism and flexibility , the social support , and the priority of welfare and education . The rules of procedural dispositions must include the principles of due process , education , privacy and promotion . The modifications of the Juvenile Case Disposition Law in Taiwan in the future must be in accordance to the principles . As making the provisions of juvenile justice by reference to the juvenile justice systems of German and Washington , the principles as the highest guideline and the outcomes of investigating in the reality of juvenile offenses would lead to the purposes of preventing
and controlling the juvenile offenses .

資料來源: https://hdl.handle.net/11296/vh22r5